Projector



SePt- 28, 1943 K. w. HARPER ETAL 0 2,330,709

I PROJECTOR Filed. May 24, 1940 A2 Shesaecs-Sheet 1 Illnmllllllllll .I

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PROJECTOR Filed May 24,'1940 sheets-sheet 2 of the type described. -r

Another object of the invention'is to provide a new and improved projector wherein headf Sept. 28,1943

f STATES PATENT oFF 2.330.709 PROJECTOR Kennard W. Harper,

Albin A. Gradiear, and

William K. Armalost, Buffalo, and William F.

- Peck, Snyder, N. AY., assignors to Spencer L ens Company, Buialo, N. Y., a corporation of New vYork Application May 24. i940, serial No. 331,060

' s claims.' (ci. ss-zs) This invention relates to projectors andhas particular reference to projectors adapted'for use with both illm slides and glass slides.

vOne of the principal objects oi the invention is to provide a new and improved projector which j Y may be used with glass slides or with film slides of single or double frame.

Another object of the invention isto providev such a device which may easily and quickly be adapted for use with either single or double yframe iilm slides.

Another object of the invention is to'providc'ea.` projector for slidesvhaving means for opening the im gate before movement loi' the to prevent damage to the lm.- g

new and improved vclutch means for a `Irnfoiecto may be rotated toallow projectie-nl at var ioiis an gular positions and wherein the projector'head may be lockedin any of said adjustedpositione. l.

Another object 'of the invention is .to `provide operating mechanism.

companies ni Fig. als a secuon'on une a-a of Fig-11, looking in the direction oi the arrows: j

Fig. i0 is a perspective view showing the clutch parts unassembled:

Fig. 11 isaview. partly in Section. showing .land lens Sifsteiri'.`

new'and improved'pressure'platerelease and?V44 11.*".

Other objects and advantages of the invention i will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompyin drawings. changes may be. made in the details oi-'eo tion and arrangement of p without d ing from the scope of the invention as enpred s Itwill be unders "thatmanyv csf.

in the accompanying claims.- j:v We. thereforeidol` ,"m Y u not, wish to be limited to the details shownffand' described as the preferred form has been" by wayof illustration only.

Refel'l'lngtothe nut l Fig. 1 isaside view,'partiy in section-oi'A projector embg the invention: -f

Fis. 2 is a iront elevationfof theprojfe1},r,;,rgr

shownin Fig. i:

me. s is a sectionalr view taken on ineens- 'of Fig'. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken'on line 4 4 45 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows: Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5,-5 oi.y Fig. 4, looking in the 'direction of the arrows; Y Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line'S-S of Fig-4, looking vin the direction of the arrows; f Fig. 'I is a sectional view` taken on line l-i of Fig. 4, looking in the direction ofthe arrows:

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8--8I l of Fig. 4, looming in the direction of the arrows;

'. ma@ se admired! te The front 5 contain'sltheopening Iwhich'is adapted to, allow "glass 4slide'iifto projected Any suitableipriorj t'tyneof; glasss'lide holder may be usedito holdthe des in position in 'the projection opening' l AdJacent the top ofthe front t issecured the lm container?! adapted to contain the film 23 which is prevented from escaping therefrom by the pivoted ,finger or lever 24 which may be pivoted out ofthe way to 'allow insertion' of said lm 23 in said container 2t.` and then pivoted Y.55 over the open end of said` member 22 to prevent basel and vhaving thaescape A'of the' iilxn 23. The container has an opening in alignment with an opening in the front 6 to allow the film to pass through said aligned openings. between the film gate plates I3 and i4, and then downwardly and forwardly through another opening in the member 6.

Various means may be utilized to gather theV lm after-it passes out of the housing 6. Two such means are shown, The lm may be gathered in the cup or may be caused to roll up again by the curved blade vspring member 23 which is secured tothe lower side of the oby may be obtained between the shaft 28 and block To move the film 23 there is-pi'ovided-the sprocket 21 keyed on the shaft 28, whi'chhas` iective tube I5.

the knob 29 for rotating the' shaft 'and-sprocket together with the cam 38 having the portion 3l cesareo the plate I3 towards the plate I4 at all times. The plate I3 has arms 43 pivotally connected at 44 with the link members l5 which are pivoted. at 46. One link member 45 has a forwardly deflected lower` end portion 41. On the shaft 28 -is provided the friction clutch which comprises by means of the screws 58, and by tightening for use in projecting single frame images and the portion 32 for use in projecting double frame images. The said cam portions 3I and 32 have curved facesadapted to engage the curved face on the end of the blade spring 33 which has one end secured at 34 to thecasing. The spring and cam' act as a'stop and an indicating Vmech,v

single or double frame images as desired.`r It willI be noted that ythe double framing cam 32 has the two curved' projecting end portions 32a which prevent the changing from the single framing cam 3i tothe double framing cam 32 when either o fvsaid end portions32a is behind the spring 33, and-.that if vthe'knob werevthen pulled out to change the framing from single to double framing, that one of the said end portions 32a 'would engage the spring 33 and if pulled hard enough' might bend or break said spring- 33. Accordingly, we havev provided the shaft with the circular slots 31 and 38 and the diametrically opposed connecting slots 39. When the cam 30 is turned withthe vindexing spring, engaginglthe double framing. cam face 32, the key 40 is in the lslot 31 and the cam can only be changed from doubleto single framing when the cani is so turned that the said keyAll may pass through one of the slots 33 into the slot 38, and vice versa.

In this 'construction it is necessary that the double framing cam be so turned that its ends 32a will not contact the spring 33 before the key 48 will pass through one ofthe slots 39 intothe vslot 3 8 and thereby there is no possibility of any damage being done to the spring 33by said end portions 32a.

To vprevent damage v or injury to the lm while passing through 'the film gate between the vplates I3 and I4, there is provided an arrangement whereby one of the plates will sepaand Asaid plates I3 andA I4 will retain said film' therebetweenand prevent any buckling or similar movement of the film.

The arrangement for obtaining thisy advantage comprises aspriug 42 for resiliently urging said screws 50, a desired amount of friction 48.- It will be seen that when the knob 29 is turned to rotate the shaft 28 and sprocket 21,

to advance the film', that before the film begins to advance the block 48 will engage the de- `iiected end portion 41 which pivots the lever to separate the plate I3 out of engagement with the film. The deflected end portion pivots until itA touches the side of the casing; `as shown in dotted linesin Fig. 5, which acts as a stop, and the shaft 28 then continues to rota'tefand to turn the sprocket 21 toadvance the'fiilm a desired amount, duringwhich rotationithe shaft 23 slips in the connection with theblock 48 and spring '49, while said block 48 retains-'said member 41 in pivoted position until on release vof the knob 23, the block 48 returns to its normal position allowing the end 41'andf1ever 45 to is then threaded through:` the film gate and past the sprocket 21. `I1; is then necessary to properlygframe the first .slide or picture so lthat the others will be automatically aligned withthe projection openingby merely rotating the knob 29 toadvance the lm andy-the caml38 and spring 33 will act as an indexing device't'o stop the film at each successive slide or picture.

To allow framing of they slide or'picture as stated above, wel have provided the clutch arrangement shown inl Figs. 4, 7 and 10. This' framing is edected by pushing in the knob 29 which pushes the shaft 28 and by means ofthe clutch arrangement the picture may be framed without moving the cam indexing' mechanism and thereafter. each successive 'picturewill be automatically framed .l by saidcam indexing mechanism.

The principle of theclutch arrangement which is shown in Figs. 4 and 10 comprises the provision of a series of friction discs operating on their flat surfaces and each-second -disc being attached to the driven member while the others are attached to the driving member. each disc being attached to its respective member in such -a manner that it isfmovable axially but not rotatably.

The object of the clutch is to allow inclepencll ent framing of the picture without moving the the cam.4 Also the framing can be done in either A- direction. It will also be noted that if the cam the tongues lor keys to fit over in telescoping relation with the shaft 28.

The discs 58 have the tongues 59 adapted to be received in the said slots 51. The disc 60 is secured to the shaft 56 or may be formed integral therewith. The disc 6l of leather or the like is provided to increase friction as is also provided the disc 62 carrying ball bearings. The disc 63 is-adapted to t over the ball bearing disc 62 and be retained in contact therewith by means of the yoke spring 64 which is secured at its opposite end 65 to the casing.

The end 69 of the shaft 56 has an opening to allow the reduced extension 66 on the shaft 28 to slide therethrough until the shoulder 61 engages said end 69 and further movement moves the shaft 56 horizontally when the knob 29 is pushed into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4. This causes horizontal movement also of the disc 6U which also moves the yoke spring 64 and thereby releases pressure on the discs, thereby allowing the sprocket`21 to rotate, to frame the picture to be projected Without movement of the cam 30. Then upon release of the knob 29, the yoke spring again forces the discs together into operative association with each other and with the sprocket 21 so that by rotating the knob 29 the sprocket 21 and cam 30 Will again be rotated in unison to index each picture projected.

From the foregoing it will be seen that We have provided simple, emcient and economical means for obtaining all of the objects of the invention.

Having described our invention, we claim:

1. In a device of the character described, a lm gate, said film gate having a fixed member and a movable member, means for urging said movable member toward said fixed member, means for supporting a film in operative position on.a"projector and for allowing said film to be fed through said film gate for projection, a source of light and a lens system for the projection of the portion of the film in the film gate, means for advancing said film comprising a shaft having a sprocket thereon, a lever on the movable member of said film gate and projecting there-I from, frictional means on said shaft directly engaging said lever arm on said film gate for automatically opening said hn gate upon rotation of said shaft and before advancement of the film and to retain said film gate in open position during advancement of the film and permit closing of said film gate upon release of said shaft.

2. In a' device of the character described, a lm gate, said film gate having a fixed member and a movable member, means for urging said movable member toward said xed member, means adapted to support a film in operative relation with a projector, means adapted to advance said film through said film gate, a source of light and lens system adapted to project the portion of the film in said film gate, said means for advancing the film comprising a shaft and sprocket, a lever on one member of said fllm gate fil and projecting therefrom, a member on said shaft adapted to be driven frictionally andthe outer edges of said support, and resilient members secured to the support adjacent their central points and having their end portions ex tending throughVY said openings in the support and said end portions beingadapted to engage the slide carrier to resiliently retain said slide carrier in position in said opening. f 4. In a device of the character described, a casing, a source of light and lens system in said casing, a film gate, means for advancing a film through said film gate, indexing means for said lm, means for releasing said indexing means to allow framing of said lm, said releasing means comprising a shaft, a plurality of plates keyed to said shaft, and a plurality of plates alternately keyed to said film advancing means, and a resilient member secured at one end to said casing and having its other end adjacent said plates for retaining said plates in operative relation with each other and with said. lm advancing means. i

5. A film gate for a projector comprising a pair of transparent plates between which said film is adapted to be advanced, one of said plates being movable relativetc the other, means for urging the movable member relative to the other member, a lever.` for moving one of said plates relative to the other, a shaft for advancing the film and frictional means directly engaging said lever for pivoting said lever to open said film gate before advancement of the film and to ref tain said film gate open during the advancement of said nlm and to allow said nlm gate to close upon release of said lever.

6. A clutch mechanism for allowing fra of a nlm, comprising a shaft having 5.1m advancing means thereon, said film advancing means having diametrically opposed slots in its outer wall, said shaft having longitudinal dia metrically opposed slots, one set of plate members keyed in said diametrically opposed slots, and a second set of plates members alternately keyed to said film advancing means, and a re silient member secured at one endtothe casing and having its other end adapted to retain said members frictionally in engagement on said shaft, and means allowing said members to be released for independent movement of the advancing means for framing the film. 

